蓑衣网2022比特币C++代码实现
这是我最近写的一个接近完整的比特币模拟的代码实现。其实还不够完整，但是已经可以把事务打包成块然后我的了。这个方案是只有一个节点在挖掘，所以暂时不涉及分布式系统。比较简单易懂。这个程序是整个网络中一个节点的透视图。希望对大家分享有帮助。
部署过程就是把过去的代码全部粘贴上去。需要注意的是，代码中有两个文件路径，需要手动更改。代码中有两个文件路径，需要手动更改。重要的事情说三遍，然后就可以跑步观察比特币挖矿过程了！请随意提问。
Blockchain.h这个没什么好说的。创建一个区块链类
# pragma once # include ' block . h ' # include//向量库类blockchain {public:区块链()；//默认构造函数void add Block(Block bNew)；//添加块函数uint32 _ t _ nDifficulty//难度值vector _ vChain//保存块的变量Block _ GetLastBlock()const；//获取最新的块，带有const关键字，表示输出内容不可更改}；Blockchain.cpp修改nDifficulty值在这里，可以修改区块链的构造函数中的ndiffinity。
# include ' Block chain . h ' Block chain:Block chain(){ _ vchain . launte _ back(Block(0，' Genesis Block ')；_ nDifficulty=4；//难度值设置为3基本上是以秒为单位给出结果，4表示差距，5大概需要2分钟。} void Block chain:add Block(Block bNew){ bNew . sprevhash=_ GetLastBlock()。get hash()；b新。mine block(_ nDifficulty)；_ vchain . push _ back(bNew)；b新。WriteBlcokToTXT()；//调用block类中的文件写方法} block chain:_ getlastblock()const { return _ vchain . back()；}Block.h这里是声明块类
#pragma once#include//其中包含了uint32_t #include//标准输入输出库#include使用命名空间std静态time _ t first _ time=0；//这个地方是一个全局变量集，用来记录每个块和第一个块之间的时间。//创建一个block类class block { public:string sprevhash；//前一个块的哈希值块(uint32 _ tindexin，const string sdatai in)；//构造函数字符串get hash()；//返回哈希值void mine block(uint 32 _ tndi ficiency)；//Mining，其参数ndiffinity表示指定的ndiffinity值void NoMineBlock()；//不挖掘直接添加块uint32 _ t _ nIndex//块索引值，哪个块，从0开始计算int64 _ t _ nNonce//Block随机数string _ sData//块描述字符串_ sHash//块哈希值time _ t _ tTime//块生成时间string _ calculate hash()const；//计算哈希值。const保证输出函数值不可更改。void WriteBlcokToTXT()；//将块数据写入TXT文件}；Block . CPP
# include ' Block . h ' # include ' sha 256 . h ' # include ' time . h ' # include Block:Block(uint 32 _ t nIndexIn，const string sDataIn):_nIndex(nIndexIn)，_sData(sDataIn)//构造函数块的两个参数是nIndexIn和sDataIn，分别赋给块中的_ nIndex和_sData(构造函数初始化用法){ _ n once=-1；//Nounce设置为-1 _ tTime=time(null ptr)；//设置时间if (nIndexIn==0)//这里记录整个时间来记录当前块生成所需的时间，而不是当前时间first _ time=_ tTime}string Block:GetHash()//返回Hash函数的实现{ return _ sHash} void block:mine block(uint 32 _ tndi ficiency)//挖掘函数，参数是难度值。{//char CSTR[nDifficulty 1]；char CSTR[10 1]；//其实这个数组可以设置的尽量大，但是要大于nDifficulty for(uint 32 _ t I=0；难度的内容//如果你想找到一个使总哈希值前N位的零个数与难度值个数相同的Nounce，挖掘就成功了。 块端地雷：" _sHash端；}内联字符串块：_ calculate hach()const { string stream ss；//该对象可以通过接收多个数据，保存到悬浮物是对象中，并通过潜艇用热中子反应堆（submarine thermal reactor的缩写）方法，将内容赋给一个字串(字符串)对象-伊甸园字幕组=-翻译：//返回沙256(不锈钢。str())；返回沙256(沙256(不锈钢。str())；}请参见块* writeblcokhotxt()//将生成的区块数据输出到一个文本文件（textfile）文件文档中来保存路径自己改{ofstream outfile('out.txt '，IOs:app)；//此处修改保存区块数据的路径输出档index:' _ nindex n)# define sha 2 _ rotr(x，n)((x n)|(x((sizeof(x)3)-n))# define sha 2 _ rotl(x，n)((sizeof(x)8)；\ *(str)1=(uint 8)((x)16)；\ *(str)0=(uint 8)((x)24)；\ } #定义SHA2_PACK32(str，x)\ { \ *(x)=(uint 32)*((str)3))\ |(uint 32)*((str 2)8)、\ |(uint32)*((str 1)16)、\ |(uint 32)*(str 0)24；\ } # endif
sha 256。CPP<># define _ CRT _ secure _ no _ warnings # include # include # include ' sha 256。h ' const signed int sha 256:sha 256 _ k[64]=ul=uint 32 {0x 428 a 2 f 98.0 x 717374491.0 XB 5c 0 fbcf，0x 9 b5 DBA 5.0 x 3956 c 25 b，0x 59 f 111 f1.0 x 923 f82 a 4.0 xab 1 C5和5见sha 256:transform(const signed char * message，signed int block _ nb){ uint 32 w[64]；uint 32 wv[8]；uint32 t1、t2:常量无符号char * sub _ block int I；内部j；for(I=0)；我(内部)block _ nb(I){ sub _ block=message(i6)；for(j=0)；j 16型；(j ) {SHA2_PACK32(sub_block[j 2]，w[j])；} for(j=16)；j64(j){ w[j]=sha 256 _ F4(w[j-2])w[j-7]sha 256 _ F3(w[j-15])w[j-16]；} for(j=0)；j 8型；{ wv[j]=m _ h[j]；} for(j=0)；j64(j){ t1=wv[7]sha 256 _ F2(wv[4])sha 2 _ ch(wv[4]、wv[5]、wv[6])sha 256 _ k[j]w[j]；T2=sha 256 _ f1(wv[0])sha 2 _ maj(wv[0]、wv[1]、wv[2])；wv[7]=wv[6]；wv[6]=wv[5]；wv[5]=wv[4]；wv[4]=wv[3]t1；wv[3]=wv[2]；wv[2]=wv[1]；wv[1]=wv[0]；wv[0]=t1 T2；} for(j=0)；j 8型；{ m _ h[j]=wv[j]；}}参见sha 256:init(){ m _ h[0]=0x 6 a09和667;S7-1200可编程控制器：S7-1200可编程控制器：m _ h[3]=0 xa 54 ff 53a；S7-1200可编程控制器：S7-1200可编程控制器：S7-1200可编程控制器：S7-1200可编程控制器：S7-1200可编程控制器：S7-1200可编程控制器：}见sha 256:update(const signed char * message，signed int len){ unsigneded int block_nb;unsigned int new_len, rem_len, tmp_len;const unsigned char* shifted_message;tmp_len = SHA224_256_BLOCK_SIZE - m_len;rem_len = len < tmp_len ? len : tmp_len;memcpy(&m_block[m_len], message, rem_len);if (m_len + len < SHA224_256_BLOCK_SIZE) {m_len += len;return;}new_len = len - rem_len;block_nb = new_len / SHA224_256_BLOCK_SIZE;shifted_message = message + rem_len;transform(m_block, 1);transform(shifted_message, block_nb);rem_len = new_len % SHA224_256_BLOCK_SIZE;memcpy(m_block, &shifted_message[block_nb << 6], rem_len);m_len = rem_len;m_tot_len += (block_nb + 1) << 6;} void SHA256::final(unsigned char* digest){unsigned int block_nb;unsigned int pm_len;unsigned int len_b;int i;block_nb = (1 + ((SHA224_256_BLOCK_SIZE - 9)< (m_len % SHA224_256_BLOCK_SIZE)));len_b = (m_tot_len + m_len) << 3;pm_len = block_nb << 6;memset(m_block + m_len, 0, pm_len - m_len);m_block[m_len] = 0x80;SHA2_UNPACK32(len_b, m_block + pm_len - 4);transform(m_block, block_nb);for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {SHA2_UNPACK32(m_h[i], &digest[i << 2]);}} std::string sha256(std::string input){unsigned char digest[SHA256::DIGEST_SIZE];memset(digest, 0, SHA256::DIGEST_SIZE); SHA256 ctx = SHA256();ctx.init();ctx.update((unsigned char*)input.c_str(), input.length());ctx.final(digest); char buf[2 * SHA256::DIGEST_SIZE + 1];buf[2 * SHA256::DIGEST_SIZE] = 0;for (int i = 0; i < SHA256::DIGEST_SIZE; i++)sprintf(buf + i * 2, "%02x", digest[i]);return std::string(buf);}<>user.h创建一个用户类#pragma once#include //标准输入输出库#include #include #include #include#include "BlockChain.h"#include "sha256.h"using namespace std;class User{public:Blockchain uBlockchain;//当前节点创建一个自己的区块链，因为每个用户都保存一条自己的区块链string batchTX();//打包交易};
user.cpp这里是实现用户的打包交易，通过默克尔树的方式将若干条交易打包。其中300TXdata.txt后面我会贴上，一定注意文件的路径问题，不然可能运行不了。（大神当我没说）。#include"user.h"string User::batchTX(){ ifstream myfile("300TXdata.txt");//读取txt文档中的300条交易数据 string temp[300]; int i = 0; if (!myfile.is_open()) { cout << "未成功打开文件" << endl; } while (getline(myfile, temp[i++]))//将取出来的第一行放在数组中i的位置然后i++ { //cout << temp[i++] << endl; getline(myfile, temp[i++]);//将取出来的下一行放在数组i后面的位置然后i++ //cout << temp[i] << endl; } for (int i = 0; i < 300; i++)//这是一个伪默克尔树生成过程，为了便于实现，就这样写了。 //实际上真的默克尔树生成也不难，暂时先这样吧。 { stringstream ss;//该对象可以通过<<接收多个数据，保存到ss对象中，并通过str方法，将内容赋给一个string对象 ss << temp[0] << temp[i]; temp[0] = sha256(ss.str()); //cout << temp[0] << endl; } myfile.close(); return temp[0];}
TestforBitcoin.cpp这就是测试程序了，我是假设100个用户中某个用户挖矿成功了，然后来挖矿。实际上不是这样的过程，而是先挖矿才知道是哪个用户挖矿成功，不过对于一个用户来说，都无所谓了，只是为了模拟的逼真一点，加了个随机数。#include#include#include"Blockchain.h"#include"user.h"#include#include #include #include"time.h"#include"sha256.h"using namespace std;int main(){srand((int)time(0));//随机数种子Blockchain bChain = Blockchain();//首先创建一个区块链User user[100];//创建100个用户int miner_id;for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)//十万次出块，记录出块速度{miner_id = rand() % 100;for (int j = 0; j < 100; j++){user[j].uBlockchain = bChain;//把100个节点的区块链初始化。}user[miner_id].uBlockchain = bChain;//对挖矿区块初始化printf("Mining block %d...\n", i);user[miner_id].uBlockchain.AddBlock(Block(i, user[miner_id].batchTX()));bChain = user[miner_id].uBlockchain;printf("Miner ID is %d...\n", miner_id);}system("pause");return 0;}
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